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Species Information
Summary: Features include minute, pinkish to salmon, lens-shaped fruitbodies growing stemless on dung, decaying vegetable matter, or soil, a delicate fringe on the margin, a blue reaction of the whole spore-bearing upper surface in iodine, and microscopic characters including very finely punctate spores that are 1-2-seriate and asci with walls that turn blue in iodine.
Iodophanus carneus is found at least in WA, ID, CA, and CO, (Larsen), CO, FL, ND, NY, Bermuda, Puerto Rico, and Europe, (Seaver), the United Kingdom (Dennis), and Switzerland (Breitenbach). There is a collection from BC by R. Bandoni at the University of British Columbia (as Ascophanus).
Upper surface: 0.05-0.15cm across, knob-like when young, then turbinate [top-shaped], spore-bearing surface convex to cushion-like, pale pink to salmon-colored, brownish when old, rough; margin uneven, (Breitenbach), fruitbody up to 0.15cm across, lens-shaped, pink, salmon, or flesh-color; disc convex, papillate with protruding ascus tips, (Dennis), usually not exceeding 0.1cm across, or rarely as large as 0.2cm; spore-bearing surface at first concave, becoming convex, similar in color to underside but a little brighter, roughened by protruding asci; margin with delicate fringe-like border, (Seaver)
Underside: the same color as upper surface (Breitenbach), flesh-colored, the color becoming brighter when dried, (Seaver)
Stem: none (Breitenbach)
Microscopic: spores 18.5-20 x 11-12 microns, elliptic, dotted with fine warts (oil immersion needed to see with certainty), colorless, without droplets, biseriate; asci 8-spored, 190-210 x 25-28 microns, turning blue in iodine: when treated with iodine, the whole spore-bearing surface turns blue within 10-30 minutes; paraphyses "slender, septate, tips thickened to 10 microns", (Breitenbach), spores 18-22(30) x 10-12(18) microns, elliptic, very finely punctate, 1-2-seriate; asci 8-spored, up to 225 x 30 microns, broadly clavate; paraphyses "stout, simple or forked, septate, up to 8 microns thick at the tip", (Dennis), spores 17-20 x 11-12 microns, or rarely 24-26 x 14-16 microns, elliptic, at first smooth, becoming very minutely warty, colorless, 2-seriate in upper part or becoming irregularly crowded; asci 8-spored, reaching a length of 200-300 microns and a width of 25-40 microns, rather broad-clavate, narrowing in lower part into stem-like base; paraphyses septate, stout, enlarged at tips, where they reach width of 7-8 microns, densely filled with orange granules; excipulum gives rise in upper part "to a palisade of mycelium the loose ends of which form a very delicate fringe-like border, the ends of the peridial mycelium reaching a diameter of 12-15 microns", (Seaver)
Habitat / Range
gregarious on animal dung, according to literature also on rotting plant debris and cloth, etc.; throughout the year, (Breitenbach), on dung, rotting vegetable matter, including textiles and rope, and on soil, throughout the year, (Dennis), gregarious or occasionally crowded in clusters of variable size, on dung of various kinds, (Seaver), in burn areas or on dung, wet rags, etc. (Beug)
Similar Species
Iodophanus testaceus (Moug. in Fr.) Korf is very similar if not identical, and has been found at least WA, OR, (Larsen), CT, IA, IN, LA, MA, ND, NJ, Europe, (Seaver), Hansen includes this species in Iodophanus carneus (Pers.: Fr.) Korf, Dennis says Ascophanus testaceus (Moug. ex Fr.) Phillips is probably a synonym of I. carneus (Pers.) Korf, and Seaver says further study is needed to say whether they are distinct. . See also SIMILAR section of Pyronema domesticum and Pyronema omphalodes.
